ASM常用命令

--创建磁盘组
--标准冗余
sql>create diskgroup dg01 normal redundancy
failgroup fg01 disk
'/dev/rhdisk5',
'/dev/rhdisk6'
failgroup fg02 disk
'/dev/rhdisk7',
'/dev/rhdisk8';

--外部冗余
sql>create diskgroup dg01 external redundancy
disk
'/dev/rhdisk5',
'/dev/rhdisk6'

--删除磁盘组
--卸载其他节点的磁盘组
sql>alter drop diskgroup dg1 dismount;
--从选定节点删除磁盘组
sql>drop diskgroup dg1;
sql>drop diskgroup dg1 including contents;

--添加磁盘
sql>alter diskgroup dg01
add disk
'/dev/rhdisk9' name disk9,
'/dev/rhdisk10' name disk10;

--删除磁盘
sql>alter diskgroup dg01
drop disk disk9;

--删除失败组中所有磁盘
sql>alter diskgroup dg1 drop disks in failgroup fg2;

--取消删除磁盘操作
sql>alter diskgroup dg1 undrop disks;

--查看磁盘组信息
SQL> select name,state,type,total_mb ,free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;

NAME STATE TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB
------------------------------ ----------- ------ ---------- ----------
DATA MOUNTED EXTERN 10207 8209

--查看磁盘信息
SQL> select group_number,path,state,total_mb,free_mb from v$asm_disk;

GROUP_NUMBER PATH STATE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB
------------ -------------------- -------- ---------- ----------
1 /dev/racdisk1 NORMAL 977 755
1 /dev/racdisk4 NORMAL 4345 3497
1 /dev/racdisk3 NORMAL 3907 3171
1 /dev/racdisk2 NORMAL 978 786

--查看磁盘组访问情况
SQL> col instance_name for a10
SQL> select group_number,instance_name,db_name,status from v$asm_client;

GROUP_NUMBER INSTANCE_N DB_NAME STATUS
------------ ---------- -------- ------------
1 +ASM1 +ASM CONNECTED
1 racdb1 racdb CONNECTED

--磁盘组rebalance
SQL> alter diskgroup data rebalance power 3;
SQL> alter diskgroup data rebalance power 3 wait;

--挂载磁盘组
--自动挂载
SQL> show parameter group

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups string
asm_preferred_read_failure_groups string
SQL> alter system set asm_diskgroups='data';

System altered.

SQL> show parameter group

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
asm_diskgroups string data
asm_preferred_read_failure_groups string
--手动挂载
SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;
SQL> alter diskgroup data dismount;

--创建目录
SQL> alter diskgroup data add directory '+data/racdb/my_dir';

Diskgroup altered.

--重命名目录
SQL> alter diskgroup data rename directory '+data/racdb/my_dir' to '+data/racdb/back_dir';

Diskgroup altered.

--删除目录
SQL> alter diskgroup data drop directory '+data/racdb/back_dir' force;

Diskgroup altered.

--添加别名
SQL> alter diskgroup data add alias '+data/racscan/ocrfile/ocr.bak' for '+data/racscan/ocrfile/REGISTRY.255.792513531';

Diskgroup altered.

--修改别名
SQL> alter diskgroup data rename alias '+data/racscan/ocrfile/ocr.bak' to '+data/racscan/ocrfile/ocr_new.bak';

Diskgroup altered.

--删除别名
SQL> alter diskgroup data drop alias '+data/racscan/ocrfile/ocr_new.bak';

Diskgroup altered.

--asmcmd常用命令
--asm实例启动
ASMCMD> startup --nomount --pfile asm_init.ora
--asm实例关闭
ASMCMD> shutdown --abort
--asm数据库特权用户
ASMCMD> lspwusr
Username sysdba sysoper sysasm
SYS TRUE TRUE TRUE
ASMSNMP TRUE FALSE FALSE

--创建用户
ASMCMD> orapwusr --add --privilege sysasm user1
Enter password: *****
ASMCMD> lspwusr
Username sysdba sysoper sysasm
SYS TRUE TRUE TRUE
ASMSNMP TRUE FALSE FALSE
USER1 FALSE FALSE TRUE

--修改用户口令
ASMCMD> orapwusr --modify --password user1
Enter password: ****

--删除用户
ASMCMD> orapwusr --delete user1

--查看参数文件位置
ASMCMD> spget
+DATA/racscan/asmparameterfile/registry.253.792513519

--磁盘组信息查看
ASMCMD> lsdg data
State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name
MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 10207 8199 0 8199 0 N DATA/

--查看磁盘组中的磁盘
ASMCMD> lsdsk -G data
Path
/dev/racdisk1
/dev/racdisk2
/dev/racdisk3
/dev/racdisk4

--查看磁盘I/O信息
ASMCMD> lsdsk --statistics -G data
Reads Write Read_Errs Write_Errs Read_time Write_Time Bytes_Read Bytes_Written Voting_File Path
1758 7269 0 0 57.921481 98.543651 30908416 37490688 Y /dev/racdisk1
1455 602 0 0 158.978452 13.234895 20516864 9986048 N /dev/racdisk2
14484 2435 0 0 310.265993 47.717912 233005056 40397312 N /dev/racdisk3
54998 15762 0 0 803.793446 404.21283 884313088 248880128 N /dev/racdisk4

--查看候选盘
ASMCMD> lsdsk --candidate -p
Group_Num Disk_Num Incarn Mount_Stat Header_Stat Mode_Stat State Path

--查看进程正在使用的磁盘
ASMCMD> lsod -G data --process LGWR
Instance Process OSPID Path
1 oracle@11grac1 (LGWR) 4716 /dev/racdisk1
1 oracle@11grac1 (LGWR) 4716 /dev/racdisk3
1 oracle@11grac1 (LGWR) 4716 /dev/racdisk4

--查看磁盘组属性
ASMCMD> lsattr -l -G data
Name Value
access_control.enabled FALSE
access_control.umask 066
au_size 1048576
cell.smart_scan_capable FALSE
compatible.asm 11.2.0.0.0
compatible.rdbms 10.1.0.0.0
disk_repair_time 3.6h
sector_size 512

--查看磁盘组I/O信息
ASMCMD> iostat -G data
Group_Name Dsk_Name Reads Writes
DATA DATA_0000 31248384 38199296
DATA DATA_0001 237719552 40659456
DATA DATA_0002 20643840 10067968
DATA DATA_0003 903425024 254173696
ASMCMD> iostat -t -G data
Group_Name Dsk_Name Reads Writes Read_Time Write_Time
DATA DATA_0000 31297536 38219776 58.037687 99.323947
DATA DATA_0001 238194688 40692224 311.505431 47.882874
DATA DATA_0002 20643840 10100736 159.062091 13.290881
DATA DATA_0003 904211456 254403584 809.647423 408.726518
ASMCMD> iostat -e -G data
Group_Name Dsk_Name Reads Writes Read_Err Write_Err
DATA DATA_0000 31297536 38236160 0 0
DATA DATA_0001 238276608 40692224 0 0
DATA DATA_0002 20660224 10100736 0 0
DATA DATA_0003 904686592 254534656 0 0
ASMCMD> iostat --io -G data
Group_Name Dsk_Name Reads Writes
DATA DATA_0000 1781 7442
DATA DATA_0001 14817 2460
DATA DATA_0002 1466 611
DATA DATA_0003 56295 16167