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oracle database 12c在redhat6.2×64上的安装
众所周知，oracle在6月底（我记得是25号吧）发布了他们的新的dbms版本12c，至今也不到1月左右，之前一直没有时间去下载介质，昨晚等到22:00之后才下的安装介质（其他时间段公司封网，你懂得...）。今天便安装了一下，感觉和之前的版本在安装上除了一个PDB的新特性之外，没有什么特别的地方。下边便是俺的安装过程，对了，期间为了安装成功，重装了虚机，后边建db的时候，虚机磁盘空间不足，又扩了一次虚机的磁盘。
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主机存储要求
查看OS信息
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# uname -a
Linux ora12cr1 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Nov 9 08:03:13 EST 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.2 (Santiago)
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 16G 3.1G 12G 21% /
tmpfs 1004M 0 1004M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 388M 33M 336M 9% /boot
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 2006 205 1801 0 18 102
-/+ buffers/cache: 84 1922
Swap: 4095 0 4095
创建用户和组
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# groupadd oinstall [root@ora12cr1 ~]# groupadd dba [root@ora12cr1 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle [root@ora12cr1 ~]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
创建目录
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle [root@ora12cr1 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/ [root@ora12cr1 ~]# chmod -R 755 /u01
主机配置信息
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.137.210 ora12cr1
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf <<末尾添加以下参数 #for oracle 12cr1 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586 [root@ora12cr1 ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p [root@ora12cr1 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf <<末尾添加以下参数 #for oracle 12cr1 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240
配置oracle用户环境变量
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ora12cr1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile <<末尾添加以下参数
#oracle sets
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=ora12cr1; export ORACLE_SID
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
DISPLAY=192.168.137.1:0.0; export DISPLAY
#alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
#alias rman="rlwrap rman"
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
装软件
[oracle@ora12cr1 database]$ ./runInstaller Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 9149 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-07-12_09-57-00AM. Please wait …
中间省略部分步骤
此处发现报以上错误，忽略并重新执行
[oracle@ora12cr1 database]$ ./runInstaller -ignorePrereq
再次安装，还是不顺，遇到以下奇怪的问题
此处发现直接跳过了Prerequisite Checks这一步
继续下一步安装吧，估计到时候在83%左右的link二进制文件的的时候肯定会报很多各种错误，具体问题具体处理吧。
果然，报错如下：
根据日志报错，安装缺失的rpm包
[root@ora12cr1 Packages]# yum install gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm Loaded plugins: product-id, security, subscription-manager Updating certificate-based repositories. rhel-localrepos | 4.0 kB 00:00 ... rhel-localrepos/primary_db | 3.1 MB 00:00 ... Setting up Install Process Examining gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm: gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 Marking gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.6-3.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 ---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) for package: cpp-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.47.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.47.el6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.47.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64 ---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will be installed ---> Package ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-220.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ==================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ==================================================================================================================================== Installing: gcc x86_64 4.4.6-3.el6 /gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 18 M Installing for dependencies: cloog-ppl x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6 rhel-localrepos 93 k cpp x86_64 4.4.6-3.el6 rhel-localrepos 3.7 M glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.47.el6 rhel-localrepos 966 k glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.47.el6 rhel-localrepos 596 k kernel-headers x86_64 2.6.32-220.el6 rhel-localrepos 1.6 M mpfr x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6 rhel-localrepos 156 k ppl x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6 rhel-localrepos 1.3 M Transaction Summary ==================================================================================================================================== Install 8 Package(s) Total size: 27 M Total download size: 8.4 M Installed size: 38 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 25 MB/s | 8.4 MB 00:00 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Importing GPG key 0xFD431D51: Userid : Red Hat, Inc. (release key 2) <security@redhat.com> Package: redhat-release-server-6Server-6.2.0.3.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201111171049.x86_64/6.2) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Is this ok [y/N]: y Importing GPG key 0x2FA658E0: Userid : Red Hat, Inc. (auxiliary key) <security@redhat.com> Package: redhat-release-server-6Server-6.2.0.3.el6.x86_64 (@anaconda-RedHatEnterpriseLinux-201111171049.x86_64/6.2) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Is this ok [y/N]: y Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 1/8 Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 2/8 Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 3/8 Installing : cpp-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 4/8 Installing : kernel-headers-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 5/8 Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64 6/8 Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.47.el6.x86_64 7/8 Installing : gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.x86_64 8/8 rhel-localrepos/productid | 1.7 kB 00:00 ... Installed products updated. Installed: gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6 Dependency Installed: cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-3.el6 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.47.el6 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.47.el6 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-220.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 Complete!
安装完后，retry继续即可！
终于看到root的scripts了
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@ora12cr1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 12c
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
使用netca配置listener（和之前的版本没有什么两样，此处略过）
下边继续用dbca创建数据库（此处有个新特性-pdb）
下边继续装db
好了，可以午休去了，40mins后估计就ok！
下边来让我们看看新的12c的进程有哪些，估计又会有很多吧...
[oracle@ora12cr1 ~]$ ps -ef | grep ora_| grep -v grep;ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep| wc -l
oracle 3323 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_ora12cr1
oracle 3325 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_ora12cr1
oracle 3327 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_ora12cr1
oracle 3331 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_ora12cr1
oracle 3333 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_ora12cr1
oracle 3337 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_ora12cr1
oracle 3339 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_ora12cr1
oracle 3341 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_ora12cr1
oracle 3343 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ora12cr1
oracle 3345 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_ora12cr1
oracle 3347 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_ora12cr1
oracle 3349 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_ora12cr1
oracle 3351 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_ora12cr1
oracle 3353 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_lreg_ora12cr1
oracle 3355 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:02 ora_mmon_ora12cr1
oracle 3357 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_ora12cr1
oracle 3359 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_ora12cr1
oracle 3361 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_ora12cr1
oracle 3373 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_tmon_ora12cr1
oracle 3375 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_tt00_ora12cr1
oracle 3377 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_smco_ora12cr1
oracle 3379 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:01 ora_w000_ora12cr1
oracle 3381 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_aqpc_ora12cr1
oracle 3385 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:04 ora_p000_ora12cr1
oracle 3387 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:06 ora_p001_ora12cr1
oracle 3389 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_p002_ora12cr1
oracle 3391 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:01 ora_p003_ora12cr1
oracle 3421 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:04 ora_cjq0_ora12cr1
oracle 3425 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_qm02_ora12cr1
oracle 3429 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_q002_ora12cr1
oracle 3431 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:00 ora_q003_ora12cr1
oracle 3435 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:01 ora_p004_ora12cr1
oracle 3437 1 0 12:26 ? 00:00:01 ora_p005_ora12cr1
oracle 3784 1 0 12:36 ? 00:00:00 ora_w001_ora12cr1
34
SQL> set line 400
SQL> select BANNER from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 12.1.0.1.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
SQL> select DBID,NAME,to_char(CREATED,'yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'),open_mode from v$database;
DBID NAME TO_CHAR(CREATED,'YY OPEN_MODE
---------- --------- ------------------- --------------------
1282084249 ORA12CR1 2013/07/12 11:45:29 READ WRITE
至此，全部OK
